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Hypogammaglobulinemia (Congenital and Acquired)

Hypogammaglobulinemia, largely synonymous with the term "agammaglobulinemia", is an immune disorder that is characterized by abnormally low levels of all classes of immunoglobulins.

Hypogammaglobulinemia is a characteristic of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID); the most commonly encountered primary immunodeficiency disorder (PIDD). It is associated with heightened susceptibility to infectious diseases and many patients with hypogammaglobulinemia present with a history of recurrent infection.

Hypogammaglobulinemia may be caused by primary (congenital) or secondary (acquired) disorders. Congenital hypogammaglobulinemia may be tied to X-linked agammaglobulinemia, autosomal recessive agammaglobulinemia, hyper IgM syndromes, common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), isolated non-IgG immunoglobulin deficiencies, an IgG subclass deficiency, specific antibody deficiency (SAD), transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy, or immunodeficiency with thymoma. Congenital hypogammaglobulinemia treatment includes the use of immunoglobulin replacement therapy. Treatment for infections requires the use of antibiotics.

Combined T-cell and B-cell disorders associated with hypogammaglobulinemia include severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, and Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T). Secondary (acquired) diseases related to hypogammaglobulinemia include nephrotic syndrome, protein-losing enteropathy, catabolic disorders, immunosuppressive therapy, lymphoproliferative malignancies, premature birth, and the use of certain drugs. Acquired hypogammaglobulinemia treatment is usually directed at the underlying cause of the condition.

Vivaglobin® is the first and only FDA-approved Sub-Q Ig replacement therapy available for patients with primary immunodeficiency disorders. Please see full Prescribing Information and Patient Product Information.


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